HIV检查阳性意味着什么？

HIV检查阳性意味着什么？

如果HIV检查结果为阳性，通常需要进行后续检测。如果后续检测也为阳性，那么意味着你已被确诊为HIV阳性。

如果你进行了快速筛查测试，检测点会安排进行后续检测，以确保筛查结果的准确性。如果你的血液样本已经送至实验室进行检测，实验室将使用相同的样本进行后续检测。

一旦确诊为HIV阳性，尽早开始医疗护理并开始HIV治疗非常重要。抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART，即服用药物治疗HIV感染）推荐所有HIV阳性患者使用，无论他们感染HIV的时间长短或身体状况如何。ART有助于减缓HIV的进展，并保护免疫系统。若按照正确的方式每天服药，ART能够帮助保持健康多年，并大大减少将HIV传播给性伴侣的机会。

如果你有健康保险，保险公司必须覆盖一些用于治疗HIV的药物。如果你没有健康保险，或者无法负担共付款或共同保险费用，你可能有资格通过政府项目获得帮助，如医疗补助（Medicaid）、医疗保险（Medicare）、瑞安·怀特HIV/AIDS计划以及社区健康中心。你的医疗服务提供者或当地公共卫生部门可以告知你在哪里获取HIV治疗。

为了降低HIV传播的风险，请采取以下措施：

1. 每天按照正确的方式服用抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）药物。

2. 每次发生性行为时正确使用避孕套。了解正确使用避孕套的方法。

3. 如果你的伴侣是HIV阴性，鼓励他们咨询医疗服务提供者，了解是否适合服用预防HIV的每日药物（即暴露前预防（PrEP））。

4. 如果你认为你的伴侣最近可能暴露于HIV（例如，性交时避孕套破裂且你未接受病毒抑制），他们应立即（在3天内）咨询医疗服务提供者，了解是否应服用药物（即暴露后预防（PEP））以预防感染HIV。

5. 定期进行性传播疾病（STD）检测和治疗，并鼓励伴侣也进行检测。

HIV阳性诊断可能是一次改变生活的事件。人们可能会有许多情绪反应——悲伤、无望，甚至愤怒。你的医疗服务提供者和社会服务提供者通常能够提供帮助，帮助你渡过确诊初期，并开始管理你的HIV。

与其他HIV阳性患者交流也可能会有所帮助。你可以寻找当地的HIV支持小组，了解其他HIV患者如何应对他们的诊断。

What Does a Positive HIV Test Result Mean?

If your HIV test result is positive, a follow-up test will be conducted. If the follow-up test is also positive, it means you are HIV-positive.

If you had a rapid screening test, the testing site will arrange a follow-up test to make sure the screening test result was correct. If your blood was tested in a lab, the lab will conduct a follow-up test on the same sample.

It is important that you start medical care and begin HIV treatment as soon as you are diagnosed with HIV. Anti-retroviral therapy or ART (taking medicines to treat HIV infection) is recommended for all people with HIV, regardless of how long they’ve had the virus or how healthy they are. It slows the progression of HIV and helps protect your immune system. ART can keep you healthy for many years and greatly reduces your chance of transmitting HIV to sex partners if taken the right way, every day.

If you have health insurance, your insurer is required to cover some medicines used to treat HIV. If you don’t have health insurance, or you’re unable to afford your co-pay or co-insurance amount, you may be eligible for government programs that can help through Medicaid, Medicare, the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program, and community health centers. Your health care provider or local public health department can tell you where to get HIV treatment.

To lower your risk of transmitting HIV:

1. Take medicines to treat HIV (antiretroviral therapy or ART) the right way every day.

2. Use condoms the right way every time you have sex. Learn the right way to use a male condom.

3. If your partner is HIV-negative, encourage them to talk to their health care provider to see if taking daily medicine to prevent HIV (called pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP) is right for them.

4. If you think your partner might have been recently exposed to HIV—for example, if the condom breaks during sex and you aren’t virally suppressed—they should talk to a health care provider right away (within 3 days) about taking medicines (called post-exposure prophylaxis, or PEP) to prevent getting HIV.

5. Get tested and treated for STDs and encourage your partner to do the same.

Receiving a diagnosis of HIV can be a life-changing event. People can feel many emotions—sadness, hopelessness, and even anger. Allied health care providers and social service providers, often available at your health care provider’s office, will have the tools to help you work through the early stages of your diagnosis and begin to manage your HIV.

Talking to others who have HIV may also be helpful. Find a local HIV support group. Learn about how other people living with HIV have handled their diagnosis.